What are the consequences of cervical adhesion?

Cervical adhesions may lead to menstrual abnormalities, infertility, cyclic abdominal pain, and other issues. In severe cases, they may even increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy and infection, affecting female reproductive health. Timely detection and treatment can effectively avoid these consequences.

Cervical adhesions are caused by fibrous tissue adhesions due to trauma or infection of the cervical endometrium. Common causes include uterine cavity procedures (such as dilation and curettage, abortion surgery), pelvic inflammation, cervical infection, or poor postpartum repair. This condition may manifest as reduced menstrual flow or amenorrhea, as adhesions obstruct the normal excretion of menstrual blood. Some patients may experience periodic lower abdominal bloating and pain, especially with症状加重during menstruation. If not treated promptly, adhesions can affect sperm entry into the uterine cavity, hinder normal conception, and even lead to infertility. Retained menstrual blood in the uterus may also cause uterine infections, increasing the risk of pelvic inflammation, and in severe cases, may lead to ectopic pregnancy or permanent impairment of fertility.

Treatment of cervical adhesions typically includes surgical separation and adjuvant drug therapy. ① Hysteroscopic separation: cutting and removing the adhered area through hysteroscopy, which is a commonly used minimally invasive surgery; ② Hormonal drug therapy: doctors may recommend short-term use of estrogen drugs after surgery to promote endometrial repair in the uterine cavity; ③ Anti-infective treatment: if combined with infection, antibiotics should be used based on the pathogenic bacteria.

For daily prevention, it is recommended to reduce the frequency of uterine cavity procedures, strictly ensure the sterilization of surgical instruments, and closely monitor physical recovery after childbirth or abortion. Once symptoms such as menstrual abnormalities or lower abdominal pain appear, one should visit the hospital for examination and treatment as soon as possible to maximize the protection of reproductive health.