What are the causes of allergic rhinitis?

The etiology of allergic rhinitis may involve genetic, environmental, and physiological factors. Allergic rhinitis is typically triggered by an individual's genetic background combined with exposure to allergens and certain physiological characteristics. Understanding these etiological factors aids in developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

1. Genetic Factors: Sensitivity to allergic rhinitis in many individuals is caused by familial inheritance. If one or both parents have allergic diseases, the risk of their children developing the condition significantly increases. This is primarily due to certain genes that make individuals more sensitive to allergens in the environment.

2. Environmental Factors: Allergic rhinitis is closely related to allergens in the environment, such as pollen, dust, animal dander, and mold. These allergens typically enter the body through the respiratory tract, triggering an excessive immune system response. Air pollution and climate change may also exacerbate symptoms. Therefore, avoiding exposure to known allergens is key to preventing allergic rhinitis attacks.

3. Physiological Factors: An imbalance in an individual's immune system may also trigger allergic rhinitis. Some people's immune systems inherently overreact to harmless substances in the normal environment, leading to inflammation and irritation of the nasal cavity and other respiratory tract tissues. Certain chronic conditions, such as sinusitis, may also exacerbate the symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

Management Strategies: After understanding the etiology, corresponding measures can be taken, such as consulting a doctor for allergen testing, using antihistamines or nasal glucocorticoids for treatment, and implementing environmental control measures, such as using air purifiers. Symptoms can also be reduced through a diet that boosts immunity and a healthy lifestyle. Continuously focusing on the etiology of allergic rhinitis aids in better managing and controlling its symptoms. Combining individual allergen test results with personalized treatment plans and measures to improve environmental factors can effectively alleviate symptoms. For cases that cannot be controlled through simple preventive measures, medical attention should be sought promptly, and further treatment and management should be conducted under the guidance of a professional physician.