What Factors Can Lead to the Development of Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. The causes of this disease are diverse, with genetic factors, infectious factors, and environmental factors being the most common. Understanding these causes can help us take preventive measures to reduce the risk of developing the disease.

Ankylosing spondylitis has a significant genetic predisposition. If a family member has this disease, the risk of other family members developing it also increases. This genetic susceptibility is primarily associated with the HLA-B27 gene. While not all individuals who carry this gene will develop the disease, it does significantly elevate the risk.

Certain infections are believed to be associated with the development of ankylosing spondylitis. Bacterial infections: intestinal bacteria such as Salmonella and Shigella may trigger acute anterior uveitis, which in turn can induce ankylosing spondylitis. Viral infections: infections with viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis C virus, and HIV are also thought to potentially increase the risk of developing the disease. Mycoplasma infections: Mycoplasma infections such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis can also be triggering factors.

The living environment also plays an important role in the development of the disease. Smoking is a known risk factor, and studies have shown that nicotine in tobacco may affect the immune responses associated with ankylosing spondylitis. Cold and damp environments may increase the probability of disease occurrence. Poor lifestyle habits, such as prolonged sitting and overexertion, may also have negative effects on health. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial for preventing ankylosing spondylitis. Measures such as quitting smoking, maintaining moderate exercise, avoiding overexertion, and living in a dry and warm environment can help reduce the risk. Regular physical examinations can help detect signs of the disease early, allowing for timely intervention and treatment. By managing lifestyle actively and understanding risk factors, we can better maintain spinal health.