What Are the Causes of Decreased Neutrophil Count?

There are various reasons for the decline of neutrophils. Firstly, it is related to infection, including common viral infections and bacterial infections such as viral hepatitis. Secondly, it is also associated with hypersplenism, which clinically manifests as splenomegaly, as well as potential bleeding and anemia issues. Additionally, exposure to harmful radiation or autoimmune diseases can also contribute to the decline.

1. Infection: Bacterial infections include typhoid, brucellosis, miliary tuberculosis, and severe septicemia. Viral infections include measles, rubella, influenza, viral hepatitis, and HIV-Ⅰ virus infection. Protozoan infections such as malaria and kala-azar can also cause neutrophil decline.

2. Hypersplenism. Clinically, it is characterized by splenomegaly, anemia due to reduced blood cells, and a tendency for infection and bleeding.

3. Physical and chemical factors: Ionizing radiation such as X-rays and radionuclides, chemical substances like lead, benzene, and mercury, as well as medications including antibiotics, antitumor drugs, and antithyroid drugs, can all contribute to neutrophil decline.

4. Autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis can also lead to a decrease in neutrophils.

5. Hematological diseases including aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, malignant histiocytosis, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and megaloblastic anemia can also cause a decline in neutrophils.

6. Bone marrow metastasis of malignant tumors can also lead to a decrease in neutrophils.