When did autism first emerge as a recognized condition?
Autism: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Autism typically manifests in early childhood, often before the age of 3, though it can occur at other times as well, making it difficult to pinpoint a specific onset age. Autism is a psychological disorder with complex etiology, potentially linked to genetic factors, environmental influences, immune system abnormalities, neurobiochemical factors, among others.
Causes of Autism:
- Genetic Factors: A family history of autism increases an individual's risk of developing the condition. Autistic parents or relatives with a blood connection have a higher likelihood of having autistic offspring, suggesting a genetic component.
- Environmental Factors: Maternal smoking, alcohol consumption, or medication use during pregnancy can lead to abnormal brain development in the fetus, potentially triggering autism.
- Immune System Abnormalities: An impaired immune system can damage the nervous system, disrupting the brain's processing of external information, which may contribute to the development of autism.
- Neurobiochemical Factors: Abnormalities in neurotransmitters can disrupt the nervous system, also leading to autism.
In addition, psychosocial factors such as family discord, strained parent-child relationships, and poor academic performance can negatively impact a child's mental health, predisposing them to autism.
Treatment for Autism:
Upon diagnosis, patients with autism should seek prompt medical attention from a psychiatrist for a combination of psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions.
- Psychotherapy: Primarily involves behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy.
- Pharmacotherapy: Medications like Risperidone and Aripiprazole are commonly prescribed.
Physiotherapy, including functional and language training, can also be incorporated under a doctor's guidance.
