"What Medications are Effective for Long-Term Reduction of Uric Acid Levels?"

Clinical drugs used to lower uric acid include uricosuric agents, uric acid synthesis inhibitors, alkaline drugs, and new uric acid-lowering drugs. Details are as follows:

1. Uricosuric Agents:

Representative drugs include benzbromarone and probenecid. They inhibit the reabsorption of uric acid by proximal renal tubules, thereby increasing uric acid excretion and reducing uric acid levels in the body.

2. Uric Acid Synthesis Inhibitors:

Representative drugs include allopurinol and febuxostat. These drugs reduce uric acid production after administration and are suitable for patients with excessive uric acid production.

3. Alkaline Drugs:

Uric acid is less likely to crystallize in urine after taking these drugs, which are mainly sodium bicarbonate. Overuse can cause metabolic alkalosis.

4. New Uric Acid-Lowering Drugs:

Such as injections of recombinant uricase and pegylated recombinant uricase, which can reduce uric acid oxidase and decompose and excrete uric acid. If uric acid levels remain high for an extended period, drinking over 2000 milliliters of water daily can promote uric acid excretion. Additionally, a low-purine diet should be adopted. Specific medication should be prescribed by a doctor and followed under medical supervision.