"How Are Kidney Stones Formed?"

The occurrence of kidney stones is often associated with metabolic abnormalities, urinary obstruction, medication factors, and unhealthy lifestyle habits. When patients experience discomforting symptoms, it is recommended to promptly seek medical attention and undergo standardized treatment under the guidance of a physician.

1. Metabolic Abnormalities: If there are metabolic abnormalities in the body, such as hypercalcemia or low citrate levels, it may lead to an increase in the concentration of crystal-forming substances in urine or a decrease in their solubility, resulting in the formation of crystals that deposit in the kidneys and ultimately induce kidney stones.

2. Urinary Obstruction: Diseases such as prostate hyperplasia, bladder tumors, or neurogenic bladder can cause ureteral stenosis or urethral stenosis, leading to impeded urine excretion. Under such conditions, the components in urine are prone to precipitate locally and form stones.

3. Medication Factors: Prolonged use of medications like vitamin D supplements or corticosteroids by some individuals may increase calcium ion levels in the body, thereby elevating the risk of kidney stones.

4. Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits: Inadequate water intake and frequent consumption of foods high in oxalic acid can elevate the concentration of oxalates in urine, leading to crystallization. Over time, these crystals can gradually form kidney stones.

For smaller kidney stones, medications such as lithotripsy granules and Shenshitong granules can be prescribed to promote stone excretion. However, for larger stones, treatment options like extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) are required.