What are the nursing measures for the acute phase of cerebral hemorrhage?
Cerebral hemorrhage refers to the bleeding caused by the leakage of blood within the vessels into the cranial cavity and invading the brain. There are two main types of cranial cavity hemorrhage: cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Among them, subarachnoid hemorrhage is common, mostly caused by rupture of cerebral aneurysms. Patients should pay attention to rest, engage in appropriate activities, and avoid excessive fatigue. What are the nursing measures for the acute phase of cerebral hemorrhage? Let's take a look at it next.
First, what are the nursing measures for the acute phase of cerebral hemorrhage? Cerebral hemorrhage refers to primary cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage, which is often associated with hypertension and arteriosclerosis. After the hemorrhage, patients need absolute bed rest, and strengthening nursing is crucial. The nursing measures are as follows: 1. Skin care, regularly turning over and tapping the back to prevent the formation of bedsores. 2. Timely suctioning to prevent the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia. 3. Reasonable diet, adjusting nutrients, and ensuring caloric intake. 4. Regular oral or nasal feeding of medications to treat underlying diseases. 5. Passive limb activities to prevent the formation of lower extremity venous thrombosis. 6. Cooperating with doctors to provide psychological counseling to patients.
Second, etiology. Cerebral hemorrhage is actually caused by the leakage of blood within the vessels into the cranial cavity and invading the brain. There are two main types of cranial cavity hemorrhage: cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Among them, subarachnoid hemorrhage is more common, and most of them are caused by rupture of cerebral aneurysms. The causes of cerebral hemorrhage are as follows: 1. Cerebrovascular malformations such as cerebrovascular malformations and meningeal arteriovenous malformations can cause cerebral hemorrhage. 2. Hypertension in the elderly often leads to cerebral hemorrhage caused by hypertensive arteriosclerosis. 3. Other precipitating factors include excessive exertion, climate changes, unhealthy habits (smoking, excessive drinking, excessive salt intake, overweight), blood pressure fluctuations, emotional excitement, and excessive fatigue.
Third, general treatment. 1. Bed rest for 2 to 4 weeks, maintaining quietness and avoiding emotional excitement. 2. Maintaining respiratory tract patency, clearing respiratory secretions or aspirates. 3. Providing oxygen inhalation. 4. Nasal feeding starting from the 2nd to 3rd day of onset. 5. Preventing infection and observing the condition.
