What Does the Term "Infarct" Mean?

Cerebral infarction refers to a low-density lesion in the brain shown by cranial CT examination, which is a manifestation of ischemic necrosis and softening of brain tissue. Depending on the size and location of the infarction, patients may experience various symptoms and signs.

Cerebral infarction refers to a low-density lesion in the brain shown by cranial CT examination, which is a manifestation of ischemic necrosis and softening of brain tissue. The symptoms and signs vary depending on the size and location of the infarction. Small infarcts usually cause mild symptoms and signs, mostly manifesting as focal symptoms and signs, such as hemiplegia, motor dysfunction, and hemianopsia. Left-sided lesions may cause speech dysfunction. When cerebellar and brainstem infarctions occur, symptoms such as dizziness, balance disorders, dysphagia, drinking cough, and explosive language may appear. Large infarcts may lead to consciousness disorders, including lethargy, coma, delirium, and cortical blindness. Severe cases may result in urination and defecation disorders.

1. Appropriate participation in physical exercise such as jogging, walking, calisthenics, and Tai Chi can increase high-density lipoprotein in the blood, which is crucial for preventing and treating atherosclerosis. However, it is essential to prevent accidents such as falls, fractures, and sprains during exercise. The duration and intensity of exercise should not cause fatigue.

2. Maintaining emotional stability is crucial as excessive tension can cause vasospasm, sudden blood pressure surges, and thickening of the blood, affecting normal blood circulation and inducing thrombosis or vascular rupture. A healthy mindset is beneficial for the recovery of cerebral infarction patients. Avoid extreme emotions such as ecstasy, anger, depression, sorrow, fear, and fright, which can trigger cerebral infarction. It is advisable to maintain a calm and peaceful mood, avoiding stressful TV programs, movies, and funeral activities.

3. Keeping the bowels regular is essential as straining during bowel movements can increase abdominal pressure, vascular resistance, and blood pressure, leading to cerebral artery rupture and infarction. Males with prostatic hypertrophy may experience difficulty urinating, which can increase abdominal pressure and risk of infarction. Avoiding medications that induce or exacerbate urination difficulties and consuming a diet rich in fiber and water can help maintain bowel regularity.

4. Following a low-fat, low-salt diet is recommended as excessive intake of animal fats can raise blood lipids, leading to atherosclerosis and increasing the risk of cerebral infarction. Excessive salt intake can cause water and sodium retention, resulting in hypertension, which can, in turn, lead to cerebral infarction.

5. Balancing rest and exercise is crucial. Moderate exercise such as walking, calisthenics, or Tai Chi can help enhance physical fitness. However, avoiding explosive activities like weightlifting, pull-ups, or heavy lifting is essential to prevent cerebral infarction. Prolonged inactivity, such as sitting for extended periods reading or watching TV, can slow blood circulation and increase the risk of ischemic cerebral infarction.