Chronic Esophagitis

Chronic esophagitis refers to the chronic inflammatory lesion occurring in the esophageal mucosa. Based on different clinical manifestations, it can be classified into reflux esophagitis, caustic esophagitis, and mycotic esophagitis, among others.

I. Reflux Esophagitis

1. Non-erosive Reflux Disease: Primarily manifested as heartburn or discomfort and pain behind the sternum, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as epigastric burning, belching, and dysphagia.
2. Erosive Esophagitis: Typical symptoms include epigastric pain and a burning sensation, exacerbated during eating. Treatment with acid suppressants is effective, and some patients may experience hematemesis and melena. Endoscopic examination reveals esophageal mucosal hyperemia, edema, erosion, and even ulceration.
3. Barrett's Esophagus: Initially asymptomatic, as the disease progresses, it may present with reflux esophagitis manifestations such as heartburn, acid regurgitation, chest pain, and difficulty swallowing.

II. Caustic Esophagitis

An acute inflammatory response caused by esophageal mucosal damage due to accidental ingestion of strong acids, alkalis, or other chemicals, often occurring in children. Common symptoms include severe retrosternal pain, vomiting, hematemesis, diarrhea, dehydration, and shock. In severe cases, esophageal perforation may lead to mediastinal infection and death.

III. Mycotic Esophagitis

A disease caused by fungal infections, primarily seen in individuals who have been using antibiotics or immunosuppressants for an extended period. Common symptoms include persistent throat foreign body sensation, accompanied by non-specific symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. In cases of chronic esophagitis, patients may also experience dysphagia, retrosternal burning pain, and progressive dysphagia. It is recommended to seek prompt medical attention and undergo anti-acid treatment with medications such as Omeprazole Enteric-coated Capsules and Pantoprazole Sodium Enteric-coated Capsules under medical guidance. Additionally, it is crucial to abstain from alcohol and tobacco and avoid spicy and irritating foods.