What is Eye Macular Disease?

Eye macular disease is a retinal disorder that significantly impacts human vision if it occurs. There are various types of macular diseases, and each specific disease leads to different degrees of vision loss. Therefore, timely attention and treatment are crucial.

The macula refers to the posterior ridge of the eye, the central area of the retina, which is the most sensitive part of human vision and where problems arise. Generally, this disease mainly involves structural and functional issues that affect patients' vision. Besides some non-functional causes, other diseases can also be caused by other conditions, such as hypertensive retinopathy or diabetic retinopathy.

There are six common types of macular diseases, all related to the macula of the eye, collectively referred to as macular diseases. The first is retinopathy, and the second is age-related macular degeneration, which is common in elderly people due to the aging of the body's mechanisms. The third is diabetic retinopathy, where the macula's structure becomes abnormal after the disease progresses, such as with edema, premacular membranes, and macular holes. In the early stages, vision may decline, and in severe cases, objects may appear distorted, and color perception may be abnormal.

Macular diseases in middle-aged and elderly people occur with a relatively high probability, mainly related to certain conditions. Based on different manifestations, it can be classified into dry and wet types. Dry macular degeneration can be examined along with the fundus to observe structural atrophy. Wet macular degeneration involves the deformation of new blood vessels, which is treatable. Medications for macular edema can help restore vision.