Stomach Cancer: Risk Factors, Classification, and Prevention

Stomach cancer, a prevalent digestive system tumor, arises from a multitude of factors. Below are the primary lifestyle habits that contribute to its development:

Lifestyle Habits That Predispose to Stomach Cancer

(1) Dietary Habits

Unhealthy dietary practices constitute one of the primary risk factors for stomach cancer. Excessive consumption of preserved, smoked, grilled, and fried foods processed at high temperatures, as well as red meat and processed meat products, elevates the risk of developing stomach cancer.

(2) Tobacco and Alcohol

Smoking and alcohol consumption are significant risk factors for stomach cancer. Harmful substances in cigarettes irritate the gastric mucosa, increasing the risk of stomach cancer. Similarly, long-term alcohol consumption damages the gastric mucosa, enhancing the likelihood of developing stomach cancer.

(3) Obesity and Physical Inactivity

Obesity is associated with the development of stomach cancer. It can lead to acid reflux, which increases the risk of gastric mucosa damage. Furthermore, prolonged physical inactivity is also linked to stomach cancer as exercise promotes gastrointestinal motility, aiding in the elimination of harmful substances.

(4) Chronic Stress and Depression

Prolonged stress or depression may impair immune system function, thereby elevating the risk of stomach cancer. It is essential to seek stress-relieving methods and maintain mental health.

Classification of Stomach Cancer

Stomach cancer can be categorized into the following types:

1) Adenocarcinoma

The most common type of stomach cancer, accounting for over 90% of cases. It originates from the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa and can be further subclassified into infiltrative and papillary subtypes.

2) Mucinous Carcinoma

A type of stomach cancer that secretes excessive mucus. Its cellular characteristic is the overproduction of mucus by gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Mucinous carcinoma has a poor prognosis and is prone to lymph node metastasis.

3) Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Originating from neuroendocrine cells, this is a rare type of stomach cancer. It typically grows slowly but can sometimes be aggressive.

4) Leiomyosarcoma of the Smooth Muscle Layer

A rare type of stomach cancer arising from smooth muscle cells within the gastric wall. It is highly aggressive and prone to early metastasis.

By adjusting unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as improving dietary structure, quitting smoking and alcohol consumption, maintaining a moderate weight, and engaging in regular exercise, one can reduce the risk of developing stomach cancer. Understanding the classification of stomach cancer facilitates early diagnosis and treatment. If experiencing related symptoms or having risk factors, timely medical attention is crucial.