What are the causes of insulinoma?

The typical cause of insulinoma is the abnormal proliferation of pancreatic beta cells, leading to excessive insulin secretion in the body and causing hypoglycemia symptoms in patients. There are two common causes of this disease. One is that insulin secretion is not regulated by normal blood glucose concentration, which is a physiological feedback mechanism. Another situation is that excessive insulin secretion results in a decrease in insulin efficacy. It may also be caused by genetic defects. Insulinoma, also known as pancreatic beta-cell tumor, is mainly caused by the abnormal proliferation of pancreatic beta cells. Insulin in the body is mainly secreted by pancreatic beta cells. When pancreatic beta cells proliferate abnormally, insulin secretion becomes excessive, and this secretion is not regulated by blood glucose concentration, causing hypoglycemia symptoms in patients due to excessive insulin. So, what are the specific causes of insulinoma? Let's analyze it in detail below.

Insulinoma is a tumor of the endocrine part of the pancreas, typically located in the pancreatic beta cells. Normally, insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells is based on blood glucose concentration in the human body. When blood glucose concentration is high, cell proliferation is vigorous, and more insulin is secreted. When blood glucose concentration is low, pancreatic cells reduce or stop secretion. This maintains the balance of blood glucose concentration in the body. However, in individuals with insulinoma, the secretion of insulin by tumor cells is not time-dependent and results in excessive insulin secretion, disrupting the homeostatic balance of the body and causing various hypoglycemia symptoms in patients, such as cold sweats, hand and foot tremors, and even coma in severe cases. This etiology is due to insulin secretion not being regulated by normal physiological feedback, disrupting the body's balance. Another reason is due to a decrease in insulin efficacy. In patients with insulinoma, insulin secretion is excessive and continuously overflows from pancreatic beta cells, excessively suppressing the breakdown of glycogen in the liver, leading to a decrease in insulin efficacy and causing hypoglycemia syndrome in patients. Besides the above two common causes, the etiology of insulinoma may also be related to genetic defects. Normally, adult pancreatic beta cells lack regenerative capacity, but some cases show strong regenerative capacity of pancreatic beta cells. This may be related to the expression of regenerative genes. Overexpression of this gene may also cause abnormal proliferation of pancreatic beta cells, leading to excessive insulin secretion.

The common cause of insulinoma is the abnormal proliferation of pancreatic beta cells, leading to excessive insulin secretion in the body and causing hypoglycemia symptoms in patients. There are two common causes of this disease. One is that insulin secretion is not regulated by normal blood glucose concentration, which is a physiological feedback mechanism. Another situation is that excessive insulin secretion results in a decrease in insulin efficacy. In addition, it may also be caused by genetic defects.