Should children take nasal allergy medication continuously throughout the year?

Caution on Long-Term Use of Rhinitis Medications for Children

Children should not take rhinitis medications for an extended period as these medications only serve as adjunctive therapy and cannot cure the condition root and branch. If a child suffers from rhinitis, it is recommended to promptly consult a doctor and undergo formal treatment under medical guidance. Rhinitis medications encompass antihistamines, antivirals, antibiotics, and nasal decongestants, among others. These medications can help alleviate symptoms such as nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing. However, it's crucial to note that rhinitis medications are not intended for long-term use as they may lead to drug addiction, the development of drug resistance, and in severe cases, damage to liver and kidney functions.

1. Antihistamines

Examples include Loratadine Syrup and Cetirizine Hydrochloride Syrup. These are primarily used for allergic rhinitis and should not be taken long-term by children. Prolonged use in allergic children may result in adverse reactions such as skin rash, skin irritation, dizziness, and insomnia.

2. Antivirals

Examples include Ribavirin Granules and Antiviral Oral Liquid. These are intended for treating viral rhinitis and should not be taken long-term by children. Long-term use may cause gastrointestinal discomfort like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, and may also lead to a decrease in blood cells. Studies have shown that prolonged Ribavirin Granule intake may cause anemia and liver damage.

3. Antibiotics

Examples include Amoxicillin Granules and Cefalexin Granules. Long-term use of antibiotics can promote bacterial resistance and disrupt intestinal flora, causing harm to children's health.

4. Nasal Decongestants

Examples include Ephedrine and Xylometazoline Nasal Drops. These are primarily used to treat nasal congestion and rhinorrhea caused by acute rhinitis. Prolonged use may result in rhinitis medicamentosa, manifesting as nasal mucosa dryness and epistaxis.

Parents should be mindful that children should not self-medicate. They should select appropriate medications based on their child's condition under medical guidance. In daily life, it's essential to keep warm and avoid catching a cold, which may exacerbate the condition. Additionally, avoid spicy and stimulating foods.