What are the causes of cardiac arrest?

Sudden cardiac arrest can be caused by heart disease, large vessel disease, respiratory diseases, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders, among other reasons.

1. Heart disease: Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, acute myocarditis, primary dilated cardiomyopathy, Keshan disease, aortic valve stenosis, pulmonary valve stenosis and tetralogy of Fallot, acute cardiac tamponade, atrial myxoma, ball valve thrombosis, mitral valve prolapse, etc.

2. Large vessel disease: Pulmonary embolism, ruptured aortic aneurysm, aortic dissecting aneurysm, ruptured coronary aneurysm or arteriovenous fistula, intracranial hemorrhage, massive gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal variceal rupture, ulcer bleeding, etc.

3. Respiratory diseases: Acute respiratory paralysis, multiple radiculitis, poliomyelitis, status asthmaticus, etc.

4. Electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders: Hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, severe acidosis, etc.

If a patient suddenly faints, loses consciousness, stops breathing, and experiences sudden cardiac arrest, emergency services should be called immediately, and while waiting for rescue, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed.