What is Organ Transplant Rejection?

Organ transplant rejection generally includes three types: hyperacute rejection, acute rejection, and chronic rejection. The first type occurs within a short period of time after transplantation surgery, usually within 24 hours. For example, transfusion of incompatible blood may result in hemolytic reaction within just a few minutes. Acute rejection is typically manifested as fever and local inflammation, while chronic rejection can occur within several years.

Occurs within 24 hours or less after transplantation surgery. In cases of transfusion with incompatible blood, hemolytic reaction may occur within minutes.

Occurs within 1 to 2 weeks after transplantation. Manifestations include fever, local inflammatory response such as swelling, pain, increased white blood cell count, small vessel thrombosis, and weakened or lost function of the transplanted organ.

Occurs within several years after transplantation. The function of the transplanted organ gradually decreases, and ultimately the function is completely lost. Even with the use of immunosuppressive agents, it may be difficult to achieve positive results.

1. General treatment involves actively eliminating the causes of rejection, treating underlying diseases, and maintaining good overall health.

2. Drug treatment is individualized due to significant differences among patients. There is no absolute best, fastest, or most effective medication. In addition to commonly used non-prescription drugs, the most suitable drugs should be selected based on individual conditions under the guidance of a doctor. Transplant rejection is mainly prevented and treated through immunosuppressive agents, which can be classified into two categories: immune induction drugs and immune maintenance drugs.