Cardiac markers are a general term for a large class of cardiac enzymes, and their main markers include aspartate aminotransferase, troponin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartic acid kinase, and myoglobin, etc. When the levels of cardiac markers rise, it is often considered whether the patient has coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and other diseases. In clinical practice, patients with acute myocardial infarction often show an increase in troponin levels 4-6 hours after the onset of the disease.

Cardiac Troponin

Cardiac troponin is a biomarker with strong specificity and high sensitivity for diagnosing myocardial injury and necrosis. It is currently the "gold standard" for diagnosing myocardial injury and has important clinical application value in risk stratification for acute coronary syndrome.

Myoglobin

Within 6 hours of myocardial injury, Myo is currently the earliest and best myocardial marker to appear. It is mainly used for the negative exclusion diagnosis of early AMI.

Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme

Creatine kinase (CK) is a dimer composed of M and B subunits. There are three isoenzymes: CK-BB (distributed in the brain), CK-MB (distributed in the myocardium), and CK-MM (distributed in skeletal muscle). CK-MB is widely used in clinical detection of myocardial injury and unstable angina, and is one of the most trusted indicators for clinicians to diagnose AMI.

Creatine Kinase

Creatine kinase (CK) is an important energy regulatory enzyme in the myocardium. Under the energy provided by ATP, it catalyzes the formation of phosphocreatine and ADP from creatine. Creatine kinase is mainly distributed in skeletal muscle and myocardium, followed by the cytoplasm and mitochondria of brain tissue.

Aspartate Aminotransferase

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), also known as aspartate transaminase (GOT), is widely distributed in various tissues of the human body. It is abundantly present in the liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and myocardium. The AST content in red blood cells is approximately 10 times higher than that in serum, and mild hemolysis can lead to an increase in the measurement results.