How to Approach Rehabilitation Training for Craniocerebral Injury?
Brain injury is a disease that can damage memory and consciousness. It cannot recover immediately after surgery, and rehabilitation training is necessary during the recovery process. The methods of rehabilitation training include hyperbaric oxygen therapy and cognitive ability improvement, which mainly aim to improve brain memory through exercise. Moving the limbs of patients can also improve the symptoms of hemiplegia. Long-term rehabilitation training is needed to adjust the activity of brain nerves.
1. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
The therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on patients with brain injury has been clinically verified. After surgical treatment and symptomatic treatment, hyperbaric oxygen therapy is performed when the patient's condition stabilizes 3-5 days after surgery. However, hyperbaric oxygen therapy has certain contraindications, such as active bleeding, which can lead to increased bleeding under high pressure. Therefore, hyperbaric oxygen therapy can only be performed after the bleeding stops in the cT reexamination.
2. Improving Cognitive Abilities
Early intervention in rehabilitation can reduce the disability rate and improve the quality of life of patients with severe brain injury. There are many reports on improving motor function after brain injury rehabilitation treatment at home and abroad, but few studies and reports on cognitive function. In addition to routine rehabilitation training for patients with cognitive impairment, early training of cognitive abilities was found to not only improve patient cooperation in rehabilitation training but also make them more receptive to positive psychosocial support.
3. Rehabilitation Treatment for Foot Drop
Patients with severe brain injury often develop a series of complications due to long-term coma, especially foot drop caused by muscle spasms, which seriously affects their standing and walking abilities. Rehabilitation treatment methods include anti-spasm position, oBabht facilitation technique, passive joint activity and manual stretching technique, muscle spasm electrical stimulation therapy, and electric standing bed training. It was found that those who started rehabilitation treatment within 3 months, especially within 1 month, showed significant improvement in spasms and foot drop.
4. Early Rehabilitation Nursing for Hemiplegic Limbs
Rehabilitation training is a guarantee for consolidating the surgical effect in the early postoperative period and has become an important method to promote the recovery of functional hemiplegic limbs.
5. Rehabilitation Training for Sleep Disorder
Sleep disorder is a common complication during the recovery period of patients with brain injury, which seriously affects the recovery of the patient's body and has a significant impact on the patient and their family's mental health. Interventions such as deprivation of excessive daytime sleep and induction of nighttime sleep are taken to address this issue. The effectiveness of the intervention is evaluated based on the number of patients experiencing difficulty falling asleep, easy waking after sleep, early morning awakening, daytime drowsiness, and nighttime insomnia.
6. Early Rehabilitation Training for Speech Disorders
Patients with severe brain injury often have varying degrees of language dysfunction, such as aphasia, dysarthria, and speech confusion. The theoretical basis of rehabilitation for speech disorders after brain injury is the strong plasticity of the brain. Early rehabilitation training may promote the reorganization or compensation of surrounding tissues or healthy brain cells.
7. Rehabilitation Nursing for Mental Disorders
Mental disorders caused by brain injury refer to abnormal mental activities resulting from changes in brain tissue structure and function caused by direct or indirect trauma to the brain. Manifestations include changes in emotions and personality, as well as changes in behavior. The focus of rehabilitation nursing is on the clinical state of manic episodes, which are characterized by elevated mood, rapid thinking, and increased speech and motor activity.
