"Experiencing Bleeding in the Vaginal Area During the Second Trimester of Pregnancy: What Should I Do?"

Bleeding from the vagina during the second trimester of pregnancy may be caused by various factors such as threatened abortion or embryonic arrest, ectopic pregnancy, vaginal orifice rupture, cervical cancer, or vaginal/cervical inflammation. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and undergo targeted treatment based on the underlying cause. Details are as follows:

1. Threatened Abortion or Embryonic Arrest

If bleeding occurs during the second trimester, a repeat B-ultrasound examination is necessary to check the fetal heartbeat. In case of embryonic arrest, medical or surgical evacuation should be performed as soon as possible. If the fetal heartbeat is normal, rest is advised, and close monitoring of embryonic development via B-ultrasound is necessary.

2. Ectopic Pregnancy

If an intrauterine pregnancy has not been confirmed by B-ultrasound, ectopic pregnancy may be the cause of bleeding. Immediate medical attention and relevant examinations are required. Some patients may require early surgical intervention or monitoring to prevent complications such as tubal pregnancy abortion or tubal pregnancy rupture.

3. Vaginal Orifice Rupture

Sexual intercourse during the second month of pregnancy may cause vaginal orifice rupture due to excessive force or angle. If the bleeding is minimal, the pregnant woman should maintain local hygiene and, if necessary, use iodophor for local disinfection to prevent infection. In case of heavy bleeding or accompanying abdominal pain, medical attention should be sought immediately to rule out bleeding caused by threatened abortion due to sexual stimulation, and take corresponding measures.

4. Cervical Cancer

Cervical abnormalities may also lead to vaginal bleeding during the second trimester. If cervical cancer is confirmed after relevant examinations, treatment can be temporarily deferred, with regular follow-ups through colposcopy and cervical cytology. After delivery, treatment can be initiated based on colposcopy and pathological assessment results, including procedures such as cervical conization and hysterectomy.

5. Vaginal or Cervical Inflammation

Pregnant women with vaginal or cervical inflammation may also experience vaginal bleeding during early pregnancy, often accompanied by varying degrees of vulvar itching and abnormal vaginal discharge. Mild or inconspicuous itching can be treated after the 11th week of pregnancy. For severe itching, medication can be prescribed by a doctor based on the specific pathogen, using external lotions and vaginal suppositories such as Kushen Wash, Honghe Fujie Wash, Nifuratel Vaginal Tablets, and Metronidazole Suppositories.