What Causes Polyps in an Infants Anus?

The development of anal polyps in infants may be related to various factors such as genetic predisposition, diet and lifestyle habits, and intestinal inflammation. It typically manifests as small growths in the anal area or symptoms such as rectal bleeding and difficulty in defecation. In such cases, parents should promptly seek medical attention for their infants to receive diagnosis and treatment from professional doctors.

1. Genetic Factors

Infants may be genetically predisposed to developing polyps if there is a family history of intestinal-related diseases. In particular, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetic condition where polyps may gradually form in the intestines or anus after birth. Parents should closely monitor their infant's anus and bowel movements, and regularly take them for health check-ups. Early screening and diagnosis are particularly important if a genetic predisposition has been identified.

2. Diet and Lifestyle Habits

Infants who consume formula or solid foods with low fiber content for an extended period may be prone to constipation, increasing intestinal burden and providing conditions for polyp growth. Repeated inflammation or infection in the anal area may also stimulate tissue hyperplasia, leading to polyps. Parents can try adjusting the infant's diet by adding vegetable or fruit purees rich in dietary fiber to help improve the intestinal environment. If the infant has abnormal bowel movements, attention should also be paid to anal hygiene to avoid bacterial infections.

3. Intestinal Inflammation or Pathological Stimulation

Certain intestinal diseases such as chronic constipation and enteritis may induce anal polyps in infants, especially long-term inflammation which can lead to abnormal hyperplasia of local tissues. Trauma or repeated friction may also stimulate the proliferation of perianal tissues. Specific diagnosis requires the use of tools such as rectoscopes and stool routine tests by doctors. Treatment options in such cases may include polypectomy and medication to regulate intestinal inflammation, depending on the specific situation.

4. Daily Care and Surgical Treatment

Mild anal polyps may not require urgent treatment but require observation, particularly for symptoms such as discomfort during defecation and rectal bleeding. If polyps require surgical removal, the following mainstream surgeries are available: 1) electrocautery under anoscopy, which involves removing polyps under local anesthesia with fast recovery; 2) cryosurgery, which involves treating hyperplastic tissue using low-temperature techniques; and 3) traditional surgical excision for larger polyps. After surgery, parents should pay attention to wound care to prevent infection. If parents notice any abnormal growths or symptoms in their infant's anal area, they should seek medical attention promptly to identify the cause and develop a treatment plan. Although most anal polyps are benign, they still require active management when necessary to prevent subsequent development into other health issues.