What Are the Hazards of Gout?

Hazards of Gout: Joint, Kidney, and Nervous System Impairments

The hazards of gout primarily encompass joint damage, kidney impairment, and neurological damage. If patients experience discomfort, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly. Here's an overview:

I. Joint Damage

1. Acute Phase: The hallmark of gout is recurrent acute arthritis. The initial episode may manifest as redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the toes or dorsum of the foot, potentially extending to the ankles and knees in severe cases. During this phase, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Ibuprofen Sustained-Release Capsules and Diclofenac Sodium Sustained-Release Tablets are prescribed for pain relief under medical supervision.

2. Chronic Phase: As the disease progresses, gout enters a chronic stage, characterized by the deposition of urate crystals in soft tissues, gradually forming tophi that can lead to joint deformities. Surgical removal of tophi may be considered for improvement.

II. Kidney Damage

Prolonged high-purine diets or elevated blood uric acid levels can compromise renal function, predisposing individuals to conditions like kidney stones and interstitial nephritis. Once diagnosed with gout, it is crucial to adhere to the prescribed treatment plan to prevent disease progression.

III. Neurological Damage

Unchecked, gout can affect the nervous system, increasing the risk of cerebrovascular diseases like ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks. Additionally, comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension may arise. Daily precautions include avoiding high-purine foods like organ meats and seafood, and staying hydrated to facilitate excretion.