What are the effects of intravenous fluid replacement?

Intravenous infusion serves multiple purposes such as supplementing nutrition, correcting water and electrolyte imbalances, administering medications, and resuscitating patients from shock. It involves the use of atmospheric pressure to deliver sterile fluids, electrolytes, medications, and other substances into a patient's body through veins. Depending on the injection site, it can be classified into peripheral intravenous infusion, central intravenous infusion, and hyperalimentation.

1. Correcting water and electrolyte imbalances and maintaining acid-base balance.
2. Supplementing nutrition and maintaining caloric intake.
3. Administering medications to treat diseases.
4. Resuscitating patients from shock by increasing circulating blood volume and maintaining blood pressure.
5. Administering dehydrating agents to increase blood osmolarity, thereby reducing cerebral edema, lowering intracranial pressure, and improving central nervous system function. Simultaneously, through hyperosmolarity, it helps to recycle tissue water into the bloodstream and excrete it through the kidneys, achieving diuretic and anti-edema effects.

1. Easily achieving therapeutic drug concentrations and maintaining a constant concentration required for sustained efficacy.
2. Medications that irritate muscles and subcutaneous tissues can be administered intravenously.
3. Rapidly replenishing lost fluids or blood.
4. Administering intravenous nutritional supplements.

1. Improper handling can easily lead to systemic or localized infections.
2. Drug overdose or too-rapid infusion can cause adverse reactions, even life-threatening ones.
3. Continuous excessive infusion can easily lead to excessive circulatory load or electrolyte imbalance.
4. An increase in iatrogenic diseases.