"What Medications Are Utilized for Disinfection Purposes?"

Antibiotics Applications and Usage Instructions

Antibiotics are widely utilized and encompass diverse types, primarily cephalosporins and penicillins. Numerous antibiotics effectively combat or eradicate bacteria, primarily employed in the treatment of infectious diseases. When procuring antibiotics, it is imperative to have a comprehensive understanding of antibacterial agents, their specific application methods, and strategies to avert adverse reactions. Let's delve into the types of antibacterial agents and their usage instructions.

1. Types of Antibacterial Agents

Antibacterial agents are generally classified into topical and internal use. Topical agents, often disinfectants, encompass hydrogen peroxide, povidone-iodine, iodine tincture, alcohol, merbromin, and gentian violet. Internal agents can be further segmented into those targeting Gram-positive bacteria, like amoxicillin and other penicillin derivatives, as well as roxithromycin, clindamycin, and first- and second-generation cephalosporin antibiotics, effective against diseases primarily caused by Gram-positive bacteria. For Gram-negative bacteria, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics and quinolone antibiotics are commonly prescribed. Antifungal agents include voriconazole and fluconazole, while anti-anaerobic agents encompass metronidazole and tinidazole.

2. Usage Instructions for Antibacterial Agents

It is advisable to introduce the antibacterial agent prior to the pretreatment stage, specifically at the raw water pump's rear end. This practice effectively curbs microbial proliferation and mitigates membrane fouling. The agent should be continuously dosed using a metering pump at a concentration of 2-5ppm. The dosage and frequency are contingent upon factors such as the extent of microbial contamination and control necessities. The agent can be diluted with RO product water or desalinated water, maintaining a dilution ratio not exceeding 10.

3. Precautions for Handling Antibacterial Agents

When handling antibacterial agents, it is vital to wear latex gloves, protective eyewear, and protective clothing. In case of eye contact, immediately flush the eyes with copious amounts of water and seek medical attention promptly. Avoid spillage on cement floors to prevent corrosion. If the agent comes into contact with the floor, rinse it immediately with water.