What are the typical symptoms of pupil dysfunction?

What are the typical symptoms of abnormal pupil function?

1. Pupil dilation is commonly seen in craniocerebral injury, cerebrovascular disease, severe encephalitis B, purulent meningitis, etc. If accompanied by loss of light reflex, fixed eyeballs, deep coma, or decerebrate rigidity, it is often indicative of primary brainstem injury or presymptomatic conditions before death.

2. Pupil constriction is commonly observed in cases of ethanol (alcohol) poisoning, sedative poisoning, senile pontine tumors, pontine hemorrhage, and diabetes. In cases of organophosphorus and morphine poisoning, pinpoint pupils may even occur. If accompanied by delayed light reflex, central hyperthermia, and deep coma, it indicates pontine injury.

3. Conditions such as cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and brain tumors frequently exhibit unequal pupil sizes.

4. Variable pupil sizes on both sides, accompanied by loss of light reflex, eyeball separation, or dislocation, are mostly indicative of midbrain injury.

5. Extremely different pupil sizes on both sides or non-circular pupils are commonly seen in spinal tuberculosis and neurosyphilis.

6. Systemic diseases such as cataracts, iridocyclitis, glaucoma, ocular trauma, and high myopia often present with white pupils.

7. An emerald green pupil color is commonly seen in glaucoma.