What Are the Types of Oral Contraceptives and Their Precautions?

For women who have already given birth and have no further fertility plans, contraception is of utmost importance, as unintentional pregnancies can be highly detrimental to their physical and mental health. Many women choose to take oral contraceptives, but what are the different types available? Oral contraceptives include emergency contraceptives, long-acting oral contraceptives, and short-acting oral contraceptives. It is crucial to understand the key points of administration before use.

1. Emergency Contraceptives

Emergency contraceptives are a type of oral contraceptives that are typically taken within 72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the event, but they may cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, light bleeding, and changes in menstrual cycle. It is important to note that emergency contraceptives should not be taken frequently, with a maximum of two times per month, as excessive use can be harmful to the body. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid pregnancy for at least six months after taking emergency contraceptives.

2. Short-Acting Oral Contraceptives

Short-acting oral contraceptives are taken daily, usually just one pill per day. They can be discontinued when a woman wishes to become pregnant, and they do not interfere with fertility. However, they may also cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or breast tenderness. It is crucial to remember to take the pill every day, as missing a dose may result in an unintended pregnancy.

3. Long-Acting Oral Contraceptives

Long-acting oral contraceptives are another common type of oral contraceptives. They are taken several times a month at fixed intervals. They are suitable for women who cannot use intrauterine devices. The main advantage of long-acting contraceptives is their extended duration of effectiveness, eliminating the need for daily dosing and having no impact on sexual activity. However, they may cause menstrual cycle irregularities or delays, and it is recommended to wait at least three months after stopping the medication before attempting to conceive.