How Is Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Detected?

Diagnosis of Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis can be diagnosed through physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. If you suspect you have this disease, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly.

I. Physical Examination

1. Temperature: Patients typically experience low-grade fever, usually between 37-38°C.

2. Respiratory Rate: Due to inflammatory stimulation, the patient's respiratory rate significantly increases, potentially exceeding 30 breaths per minute.

3. Chest Percussion: The presence of moist rales suggests possible complications such as bronchiectasis or atelectasis.

4. Others: Symptoms like pale skin and mucous membranes, weight loss, etc., may also accompany this disease.

II. Laboratory Tests

1. Sputum Smear Acid-Fast Stain: A primary method for confirming the diagnosis, observing under a microscope for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A positive result indicates infection.

2. PPT Test: Detects the presence of tuberculosis antibodies in the patient's body. A negative result excludes tuberculosis infection.

3. PPD Skin Test: Also known as the tuberculin purified protein derivative intradermal test. No redness, swelling, or induration at the injection site indicates no immunity.

4. Complete Blood Count: Includes white blood cell count and differentiation, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte ratio, etc. Abnormal elevations accompanied by symptoms like cough and sputum production can aid in diagnosis.

III. Imaging Studies

Chest X-ray is the most commonly used imaging modality. Early, mild lesions may present as spotty shadows. As the disease progresses, it may manifest as cavities, fibrosis, and other changes. Additionally, CT scans and MRI can be used for further diagnosis.

IV. Other Tests

Bacterial culture, gene sequencing, and other relevant tests can be selected based on individual cases, helping doctors better understand the condition and formulate targeted treatment plans.

If you suspect you have drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, promptly visit a hospital for a comprehensive examination under the guidance of a professional physician to facilitate early diagnosis and standardized treatment.