What Are the Nursing Measures for Severe Anemia?

Many people are in a state of anemia in their daily lives. Anemia can pose significant harm to the human body, and severe anemia can even be life-threatening. Therefore, people with anemia should promptly take measures to replenish their blood. Severe anemia is a particularly severe form of the condition, and while certain foods can help to replenish blood, daily care measures are also essential for improvement. What are the care measures for severe anemia? Let's take a look.

Firstly, patients with severe anemia should adjust their diet in their daily lives. They should avoid eating greasy or grilled foods as these generally lack nutritional value and may not be beneficial for their health. Instead, they should eat foods that are rich in nutrients, avoid being picky eaters, and ensure that their diet is diverse to prevent anemia caused by a lack of vitamins. Additionally, iron-rich foods should be consumed as iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia. Foods such as animal livers, lean meat, and soy products are rich in iron. Other foods like red dates and goji berries can also be helpful for anemia.

Moreover, regular exercise can help to improve one's physical condition. However, it is important to strike a balance between work and rest, with appropriate breaks during exercise. Light anemia patients can exercise, but severe anemia patients should rest in bed for one or two weeks before gradually resuming exercise such as walking or practicing tai chi. The amount of exercise can then be gradually increased.

Secondly, the diagnosis of anemia is based on various factors including current and past medical history, family history, nutritional history, menstrual and reproductive history, and exposure to risk factors. Nutritional history and menstrual and reproductive history can aid in the diagnosis of anemia caused by a lack of iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12. Exposure history to radiation, chemical toxins, medications, and pathogenic microorganisms is crucial for diagnosing anemia related to damage to hematopoietic tissue and infections.

Hemoglobin levels are also an important diagnostic criterion. Hemoglobin levels below 110g/L in children aged 6 months to 6 years, 120g/L in children aged 6 to 14 years, 130g/L in adult males, 120g/L in adult females, and 110g/L in pregnant women are considered indicative of anemia.

Lastly, daily care measures for anemia include:

1. Monitoring the bleeding tendencies of anemia patients, such as skin and mucosal bleeding, nasal bleeding, gingival bleeding, and fundus bleeding, and providing symptomatic and hemostatic treatment. Preparedness for various rescue medications and equipment is crucial in case of gastrointestinal hemorrhage or intracranial bleeding.

2. Maintaining a clean and sanitized environment for anemia patients, especially for those with low white blood cell counts, to reduce the risk of infection.

3. Ensuring oral hygiene and anal cleanliness for anemia patients. Regular mouth rinsing after meals and before bedtime can help prevent oral ulcers. Commonly used rinsing solutions include physiological saline. It is also important to prevent necrotic ulcers around the anus to reduce the risk of sepsis.

4. Preventing infections in patients with widespread skin and mucosal bleeding. Promptly changing clothes for those with high fever and sweating is essential, and anemia patients should avoid getting chilled or contracting colds.

5. Absolute bed rest is required for patients with acute or severe anemia.

In conclusion, anemia is a serious condition that requires prompt attention and appropriate care measures. By adjusting diet, engaging in regular exercise, and adhering to daily care guidelines, anemia patients can effectively manage their condition and improve their overall health.