What are the indicators used to diagnose leukemia?

Indicators for Leukemia Examination

Leukemia involves numerous examination indicators, with common ones being hematological tests and bone marrow aspiration. Leukemia is a malignant clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells, characterized by their excessive proliferation in bone marrow and other hematopoietic tissues, inhibiting normal hematopoiesis.

I. Hematological Tests

1. White Blood Cell Count: WBCs are a crucial component of the human immune system, defending against invading bacteria and viruses. An abnormally high or low WBC count may indicate potential health risks.

2. Red Blood Cell Count: RBCs transport oxygen to various parts of the body and return carbon dioxide to the lungs for excretion. Excessive or deficient RBC counts can lead to anemia or other health issues.

3. Platelet Count: Platelets are essential for blood clotting, aiding in hemostasis and repairing damaged vessel walls. A low platelet count may increase the risk of bleeding.

4. Lymphocyte Count: Lymphocytes, a vital part of the immune system, fight infections and tumors. Abnormal lymphocyte counts, whether high or low, may indicate underlying health problems.

II. Bone Marrow Aspiration

Bone marrow aspiration is a primary diagnostic method for leukemia, involving the extraction of a small amount of bone marrow fluid for analysis to detect abnormal proliferation of leukemia cells. It also helps assess disease severity and formulate treatment plans. Additionally, tests for liver function, kidney function, and myocardial enzymes may be necessary for a comprehensive evaluation. It is recommended that patients maintain a balanced diet, ensure adequate sleep, avoid staying up late, and engage in moderate exercise to strengthen their constitution. In case of discomfort, seek medical attention promptly.