How to Handle Gout During an Acute Phase?

Gout is a common disease that can lead to joint pain and significantly impact patients' daily lives. Understanding gout, especially during its acute phase, is crucial for timely and effective management to alleviate symptoms. However, many people lack knowledge about handling gout in its acute phase. This article aims to introduce specific management strategies for gout during its acute phase.

During the acute phase of gout, it is essential to rest in bed and avoid physical activities to reduce the load on affected joints. Instead of applying heat, ice packs can be used for local cooling to reduce inflammatory reactions. Topical analgesic creams or sprays can also be applied to the affected area for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Additionally, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, low-dose glucocorticoids, or colchicine can be prescribed to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and improve symptoms.

It is recommended that patients avoid taking uric acid-lowering medications during the acute phase of gout to prevent recurrent gouty arthritis. Instead, they can focus on relieving pain and inflammation using the following methods:

1. Ice packs can be applied to the affected area during gout attacks. Ice helps numb the pain and reduce inflammation by lowering the skin temperature and constricting subcutaneous blood vessels, thereby decreasing blood circulation and vascular permeability. This can lead to reduced metabolism and swelling. However, the icing duration should not be too long, and a towel or sponge should be placed between the ice and the skin to prevent frostbite. The icing session should not exceed 20 minutes. It is important to avoid heat application or soaking in hot water as this can increase inflammation, edema, and pain.

2. Elevating the painful joint can help reduce edema and pain. When gout occurs, edema is common in the affected area. By elevating the joint, venous return can be increased, thus reducing edema and relieving pain. Pillows or supports can be used to elevate the affected area.

3. Drinking plenty of water is beneficial for gout patients. High blood uric acid levels can lead to gout due to the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints and tissues. Drinking water can increase urine output and help eliminate uric acid from the body, thereby relieving gout symptoms. Warm water is preferred as it promotes urination and uric acid excretion. The amount of water consumed should be comfortable for the patient.

4. Going barefoot can provide comfort for some patients with gout affecting their toes. During gout attacks, joint pain and swelling can make wearing shoes uncomfortable. Removing shoes and socks can reduce constriction and provide relief.

It is important to note that these self-management strategies should be combined with medical advice and treatment plans prescribed by a healthcare professional. Proper diagnosis and treatment are crucial for effective management of gout and its acute phase.