"How to Identify Oral Leukoplakia?"

Oral leukoplakia primarily occurs in the oral mucosa, and its diagnostic methods include oral endoscopy, exfoliative cytology, histopathological examination, and others.

1. Oral Endoscopy: It enables the examination of the oral cavity's health status, observing the presence of dental calculus, caries, oral ulcers, and other conditions. It can initially determine the cause of oral leukoplakia, understand the specific extent of the disease, and then initiate targeted treatment.

2. Exfoliative Cytology: By scraping off the surface cells from the lesion site and then using Papanicolaou staining, early cancerous exfoliated cells can be detected. This can observe an increased nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, cellular atypia, and partially blurred nuclear membranes.

3. Histopathological Examination: A portion of the lesion tissue is surgically resected and then carefully examined under a microscope. This can aid in diagnosing leukoplakia and can also be used to predict the risk of canceration. Autofluorescence examination can also be employed based on the condition to assess whether the lesion has a tendency for canceration. After diagnosis, treatment through medication or surgical methods is selected, while enhancing oral care within the mouth.