Why Do Finger Joints Become Swollen and Painful?
There are many factors that can lead to enlarged and painful finger joints. When this occurs, it is important to promptly identify the condition and treat it accordingly to eliminate the impact. Common causes include osteoarthritis, septic arthritis caused by bacterial infection, bone hyperplasia, or aseptic inflammation of the joints.
1. Osteoarthritis
One or more fingers may become red, swollen, and painful, with bone enlargement occurring at the terminal joints or proximal interphalangeal joints. This condition is more common in older individuals and can cause joint stiffness in the morning. Treatment methods include heat therapy, hydrotherapy, ultrasound, acupuncture, massage, traction, and percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
2. Septic Arthritis Caused by Bacterial Infection
This condition can include rheumatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis caused by autoimmune or allergic reactions, gouty arthritis caused by metabolic disorders, and traumatic arthritis caused by injuries. All of these can lead to enlarged and painful finger joints. Antibiotics can be injected into the joint cavity as prescribed, and if treatment is ineffective, lavage or incision and drainage may be necessary.
3. Bone Hyperplasia
Bone hyperplasia is a common cause of finger joint swelling and pain. It often occurs in the knees, fingers, neck, and lumbar vertebrae. Symptoms include joint pain, stiffness (which may be relieved by gentle activity), and in severe cases, joint swelling and muscle atrophy. Most cases of bone hyperplasia do not require treatment. However, for patients with symptoms that cannot be relieved, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs such as ibuprofen and diclofenac may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms.
4. Aseptic Inflammation of the Joints
This condition may be caused by long-term exposure to cold, dampness, fatigue, malnutrition, or trauma. It can lead to aseptic inflammation of the joints. Treatment may include wearing braces to limit joint movement and reduce stimulation to inflamed tissues. Physical treatments such as heat therapy, massage, and hot compresses can also be used to promote blood circulation in the injured joints. It is recommended that patients consult a doctor to rule out the possibility of rheumatism.
