What Are the Symptoms of Blood Infection?

Blood infection is a severe disease that typically manifests in patients with symptoms such as fever, bleeding tendency, and anemia. The bleeding is often subcutaneous, resulting in the formation of purpura or bruises. This can lead to anemia, making it crucial for patients with blood infection to undergo timely blood routine examination. Prompt treatment with antibiotics and proper postoperative care are essential to ensure the safety of the patient's life.

1. Bleeding Tendency

Bleeding in hematologic diseases is often systemic rather than localized. Another characteristic is that the degree of bleeding may be disproportionally severe compared to the trauma that caused it, and there may be no history of trauma. Spontaneous skin and mucosal purpura is a feature of capillary bleeding, while deep tissue bleeding and hematoma formation after trauma, as well as non-traumatic joint hemorrhage or persistent skin and mucosal bleeding, are characteristics of coagulation mechanism disorders.

Any spontaneous widespread or localized bleeding from the skin, mucosa, joints, or muscles, or persistent bleeding after trauma or surgery, or a history of bleeding in family members, may indicate the possibility of abnormal hemostasis mechanisms.

2. Fever

Fever in hematologic diseases is often infectious, with common causes including leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes. These diseases can lead to abnormal numbers and quality of white blood cells, making them susceptible to infections. Non-infectious fever can be caused by the growth and rapid destruction of immature white blood cells, resulting in increased protein breakdown, enhanced basal metabolic rate, and absorption of necrotic substances.

Periodic high fever is a typical symptom of Hodgkin's disease. Additionally, hematologic diseases that directly invade the thermoregulatory center can cause dysfunction of this center, as seen in leukemia infiltration and intracranial hemorrhage.

3. Anemia

Observation of the nails, lips, conjunctiva, and other areas is often reliable for assessing anemia. The severity and rate of progression of anemia, as well as its cause, determine the clinical manifestations. Mild anemia may be asymptomatic, while severe anemia can lead to cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction, such as palpitations and shortness of breath, which worsen with exertion. In severe cases, anemia can lead to heart disease or heart failure.

Patients may also experience symptoms such as headache, dizziness, blurred vision, tinnitus, poor concentration, memory loss, fatigue, and mental exhaustion. Severe anemia can also cause low-grade fever due to increased basal metabolism, as well as symptoms such as decreased appetite, nausea, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea.