How Can AIDS Be Controlled?

Update Date: 2024-05-16 Source: Network

HIV can spread rapidly in daily life, mainly due to a lack of sexual knowledge and safety awareness among people. Many uninformed teenagers become infected due to this lack of sexual knowledge. HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual intercourse, and controlling it requires cutting off its main transmission routes, taking safety measures, learning about HIV prevention, and understanding its symptoms.

1. Anti-viral Therapy for HIV

(1) Azidothymidine: An inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, it mainly acts on HIV replication. This drug has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for clinical treatment of HIV. It can increase CD4 cell counts, slow the progression of the disease, prolong patient survival, reduce opportunistic infections, and lower mortality rates. The main side effects include bone marrow suppression, pancytopenia leading to worsening secondary infections, drug fever, and rash.

(2) Didanosine: Another inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, it has the same mechanism of action as azidothymidine. Its side effects include peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, and kidney damage, so relevant tests must be performed before treating HIV.

(3) Stavudine: Also an inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, it can reduce serum p24 antigen levels in HIV patients and temporarily increase CD4 cell counts. Side effects are dose-related and mainly include rash, stomatitis, and peripheral neuropathy.

2. Immunotherapy for HIV

HIV infection often leads to cellular and immune dysfunction, which can cause opportunistic infections and malignancies. Therefore, immunotherapy with drugs that enhance immunity can be used. Drugs used to treat HIV include d-interferon, r-interferon, IMREG-1K, IMREG-2, interleukin-2, immunoglobulin, methionine DM-CSF, thymosin, and transfer factors. Currently, it is believed that T-cell activation can trigger intracellular HIV replication, so immunotherapy with immunomodulatory drugs is still under further investigation.

3. Herbal Treatment for HIV

In China, research on herbal treatments for HIV has begun early and has achieved certain results. Herbal medicines such as lentinan, danshen, huangqi, and glycyrrhizin have immunomodulatory effects. Some studies have found that certain herbs or their components can inhibit HIV in vitro experiments and are relatively inexpensive, suggesting a promising application prospect.