"What Should I Do About Changes in the Retina Due to High Myopia?"

Treatment and Management of High Myopia-Related Fundus Changes

The management of fundus changes in high myopia is a complex issue requiring tailored treatments based on individual circumstances. Below are some potential treatment methods and recommendations:

Treatment Methods for Fundus Changes in High Myopia:

1. Refractive Correction:

   Method: Adjusting the focal point of light on the retina through wearing glasses or contact lenses to improve vision.

   Applicable Population: Mild to moderate myopia patients and some high myopia patients as an auxiliary measure.

   Precautions: Prescription should be evaluated by a professional optometrist, and the appropriate lens power should be selected.

2. Laser Refractive Surgery:

   Method: Precisely reshaping the corneal curvature using laser of a specific wavelength to achieve vision correction.

   Applicable Population: Adult patients, especially those seeking rapid and permanent improvement of vision blurriness caused by high myopia.

   Precautions: The surgery should be customized by a professional doctor based on individual conditions, and preoperative and postoperative instructions must be strictly followed.

3. Laser Treatment for Fundus:

   Method: Using specialized laser equipment to precisely target affected areas of the fundus, coagulating abnormal blood vessels or promoting the regression of neovascularization.

   Applicable Conditions: Macular edema or hemorrhage caused by diabetic retinopathy, as well as some fundus lesions caused by high myopia.

   Precautions: The treatment plan should be formulated based on fundus examination results and administered by a professional ophthalmologist.

4. Intravitreal Injection of Anti-VEGF Drugs:

   Method: Injecting drugs such as ranibizumab directly into the vitreous cavity to block the action of vascular endothelial growth factor, slowing the development of neovascularization in the macular region.

   Applicable Conditions: Fundus lesions caused by neovascularization in the macular region.

   Precautions: The injection should be performed by an ophthalmologist in a hospital setting, with close monitoring of treatment effects and complications.

5. Macular Translocation Surgery:

   Method: Transplanting retinal tissue from the surrounding unaffected area to the center of the macula to replace the damaged area.

   Applicable Population: High myopia patients with macular holes or other severe fundus diseases.

   Precautions: This surgery is highly risky and should be performed by experienced ophthalmologists, ensuring safety.

6. Posterior Scleral Reinforcement Surgery:

   Method: Reinforcing the sclera to prevent further elongation of the ocular axis, thereby stabilizing or improving fundus lesions.

   Applicable Population: High myopia patients with ocular axis elongation.

   Precautions: The surgical plan should be customized by a professional doctor based on individual conditions, adhering to strict surgical protocols.

General Treatment and Lifestyle Adjustments:

1. Maintain Eye Hygiene: Avoid rubbing eyes with hands to prevent bacterial infections. Limit prolonged close-up viewing of electronic devices like phones and computers to reduce eye strain.

2. Improve Unhealthy Habits: Maintain good work-rest routines and ensure adequate sleep. Engage in appropriate outdoor activities to alleviate visual fatigue.

3. Balanced Diet: Foods rich in vitamins and proteins, such as blueberries, kiwi, eggs, and milk, help supplement nutrients essential for eye health.

4. Regular Eye Examinations: To monitor potential complications and provide timely treatment, including vision tests, intraocular pressure measurements, visual inspections, and optical coherence tomography.

In conclusion, the treatment of fundus changes in high myopia is multifaceted, requiring personalized approaches based on individual patient conditions. Additionally