What Should One Be Aware of When Having Hyperthyroidism?

After being diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, special attention should be given to dietary adjustments, emotional management, and adherence to treatment protocols to prevent disease progression or complications. Hyperthyroidism is a disorder of excessive thyroid hormone production mainly caused by endocrine dysfunction, which can be controlled through medication, radioactive iodine therapy, or surgery.

1. Dietary Adjustments

Patients with hyperthyroidism need to be particularly cautious about their diet. Avoid excessive intake of iodine-rich foods such as kelp and seaweed, as iodine is a precursor for thyroid hormone synthesis, and excess intake can exacerbate the condition. Increase moderate amounts of high-protein foods like eggs, fish, and beans, as well as high-calorie foods, to compensate for the energy expenditure due to hypermetabolism, but avoid excessive greasiness. Consuming fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins B and C, such as oranges and spinach, can help stabilize the nervous system and boost immunity.

2. Emotional Management

Hyperthyroidism tends to cause nervous system excitement, leading to emotional fluctuations like anxiety and irritability. Proper emotional management, such as practicing yoga, meditation, and organizing a balanced schedule, can alleviate stress and stabilize the condition. Cultivating hobbies to distract attention also aids in adjusting mental status. Family support and rational communication are crucial for facilitating recovery.

3. Standardized Treatment

There are various methods to treat hyperthyroidism. Medication is the most common approach, including antithyroid drugs like methimazole and propylthiouracil, which must be taken strictly according to medical advice without self-discontinuation or dose adjustment. Moderate cases may opt for radioactive iodine therapy to destroy excess thyroid tissue and inhibit hormone secretion. Severe cases may require surgical options like subtotal thyroidectomy, but postoperative risks should be weighed, and regular follow-up visits as per doctor's instructions are necessary. Hyperthyroidism affects multiple bodily functions, so patients should avoid excessive fatigue, engage in moderate aerobic exercises like jogging or walking, and undergo standardized treatment under medical guidance. If symptoms worsen, prompt medical attention should be sought to avoid complications such as heart damage or thyroid storm.