What Are the Effects ofAzelastine Nasal Spray?

Allergic rhinitis is a typical type of rhinitis, which can be further divided into seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial allergic rhinitis based on its specific characteristics. Azelastine nasal spray belongs to antihistamines, mainly with anti-allergic effects, and can be used to treat allergic rhinitis.

Firstly, the role of azelastine nasal spray: Azelastine hydrochloride is a novel derivative of dinitroazaphthalone and belongs to H1 receptor antagonists. It is a long-acting anti-allergic drug that can effectively block the synthesis and release of certain chemical mediators in the allergic reaction process. Azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray is a closed canned nasal spray preparation. It is clinically mainly used to relieve nasal congestion, nasal itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea symptoms caused by seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Children over six years old and adults usually spray one side of the nasal cavity each time, twice a day, morning and evening.

Secondly, the common drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis should consider the following factors: efficacy, safety, cost/effectiveness ratio, etc. Common nasal and oral administration methods may have different effects among different patients. There is no long-term sustained efficacy after discontinuation of medication, so maintenance treatment is required for persistent allergic rhinitis. Prolonging the treatment time does not lead to rapid drug resistance. Nasal administration has many advantages. High-concentration drugs can directly act on the nose, avoiding or reducing systemic side effects. However, for patients with other allergic diseases, drugs need to act on different target organs, and nasal administration is not the best choice. Systemic drug treatment is recommended. Pregnant patients should use various drugs with caution.

(1) Antihistamines, either orally or nasally, are the second-generation or novel H1 antihistamines that can effectively relieve symptoms such as nasal itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea. They are suitable for mild intermittent and mild persistent allergic rhinitis. Combined with nasal glucocorticoids, they can be used to treat moderate to severe allergic rhinitis.

(2) Nasal glucocorticoids can effectively relieve symptoms such as nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing. For severe patients who do not respond to other drug treatments or cannot tolerate nasal medications, oral glucocorticoids can be used for short-term treatment.

(3) Antileukotrienes are effective for allergic rhinitis and asthma.

(4) Chromones have a certain effect on relieving nasal symptoms, and eye drops can effectively relieve eye symptoms.

(5) Nasal decongestants can relieve nasal congestion caused by nasal congestion, and the treatment course should be controlled within 7 days.

(6) Nasal anticholinergic drugs can effectively inhibit rhinorrhea.

(7) Some traditional Chinese medicines are effective for relieving symptoms. The treatment principles for children and the elderly are the same as for adults, but special attention should be paid to avoiding adverse drug reactions.