In our daily lives, accidents are inevitable, whether it be minor bumps and bruises. When such situations occur, they often lead to scratches or bruises on our bodies, resulting in a localized appearance of bruises or discoloration. Additionally, certain diseases or poor blood circulation can also cause similar discoloration of the skin.

Causes of Skin Bruising and Discoloration

1. Poor blood circulation in the skin may be one reason. Patients may also experience cold hands and feet, facial pigmentation, and pale complexion. It is recommended to stay hydrated, consume ginger and brown sugar water, and take vitamin E to improve blood circulation.

2. Another possibility is the presence of a blood-related disorder, such as thrombocytopenia or dysfunction, lack or dysfunction of clotting factors, vascular diseases like capillary dilatation or increased capillary fragility, or excessive use of anticoagulant drugs like large doses of warfarin, low-molecular-weight heparin calcium, or rivaroxaban.

Management of Skin Bruising and Discoloration

1. Cold compresses can help reduce swelling and localize the injury. They constrict local blood vessels, slow down blood flow, reduce blood leakage, and promote local healing. When subcutaneous bleeding occurs, a cold compress with an ice pack can be applied for 15-30 minutes at a time, with a 30-minute interval between applications.

2. Elevating the affected limb and reducing its activity can help improve blood flow, reducing local swelling and limiting the extent of subcutaneous bleeding. After approximately 48 hours, heat therapy can be applied, and over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen can be taken to relieve local pain.

3. In the following situations, it is recommended to seek medical assistance:

(1) Suspected joint sprain or fracture

(2) Expansion of the bruised area after the first day

(3) Swelling or significantly limited movement of the entire limb

(4) Persistence or recurrence of the injury after several weeks with unknown cause

(5) Injury located around the eyes or causing visual difficulties

(6) Injury to the head, trunk, or abdomen