Can HPV58 Be Transmitted to Family Members?

Update Date: 2024-05-21 Source: Network

HPV and Its Transmission

HPV, short for Human Papillomavirus, differs from other viruses in that its invasion into the human body does not necessarily lead to disease. It may remain asymptomatic and manifest only when the body's resistance is weakened. There are numerous types of HPV, with over 130 known varieties, categorized into high-risk and low-risk types, capable of causing various diseases. Many patients fear transmission. So, can HPV58 be transmitted to family members? Let's explore further.

1. Can HPV58 Be Transmitted to Family Members?

This test cannot indicate the activity of viral replication, meaning the strength of infectivity is unclear. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether transmission will occur. Theoretically, there is a risk of transmission, so it is advisable to take protective measures. HPV58 is a subtype of HPV, categorized as mucosal-type based on the site of infection and high-risk based on its carcinogenic potential.

2. What is HPV?

Human papillomavirus belongs to the Papillomaviridae family and is a spherical DNA virus capable of causing squamous epithelial proliferation in human skin and mucosal tissues. Manifestations include common warts, genital warts (condyloma acuminata), and other symptoms. With the rapid increase in the incidence of condyloma acuminata among sexually transmitted diseases and the rise in cervical, anal, and other cancers, HPV infection has increasingly garnered attention. Over 130 types of HPV have been isolated, with different types causing varying clinical manifestations. Depending on the tissue site affected, they can be classified as:

(1) Low-risk cutaneous types: including HPV1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 12, 15, associated with common warts, flat warts, plantar warts, etc.

(2) High-risk cutaneous types: including HPV5, 8, 14, 17, 20, 36, 38, associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis and other malignancies potentially related to HPV infection, such as vulvar cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, prostate cancer, and bladder cancer.

(3) Low-risk mucosal types: such as HPV-6, 11, 13, 32, 34, 40, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, associated with infections of the genitalia, anus, oral pharynx, and esophageal mucosa.

(4) High-risk mucosal types: HPV-16, 18, 30, 31, 33, 35, 39, associated with cervical cancer, rectal cancer, oral cancer, tonsil cancer, etc.

HPV exhibits strong biological activity, tolerating dryness and long-term storage. It can be inactivated by heating or formalin treatment, making high-temperature sterilization and 2% glutaraldehyde disinfection effective against it.

3. Routes of HPV Infection

1. Sexual transmission;

2. Close contact;

3. Indirect contact through infected clothing, personal items, and utensils;

4. Iatrogenic infection due to inadequate protection by medical personnel during treatment and care;

5. Vertical transmission from mother to child through close contact during childbirth.