Gout: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Gout is a condition caused by impaired purine metabolism, excessive uric acid production, or reduced uric acid excretion, leading to an elevation of uric acid levels in the blood. Patients typically exhibit symptoms such as redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the joints, with severe cases potentially resulting in joint destruction and renal dysfunction. There is no single best treatment for gout, and comprehensive management is typically tailored to the patient's specific condition.

Phases of Gout and Their Management

Acute Phase:

During acute attacks, patients should immediately rest in bed, elevate the affected limb, and avoid bearing weight. Additionally, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like Diclofenac Sodium Sustained-Release Tablets and Celecoxib Capsules should be taken as prescribed by a doctor to alleviate pain. Colchicine Tablets and Benzbromarone Tablets may also be administered for treatment.

Intercritical Phase:

In the intercritical phase, patients must adhere to a strict diet, avoiding high-purine foods like animal organs and seafood, and limiting alcohol intake. Increasing water intake is crucial to promote uric acid excretion. Additionally, uric acid-lowering medications such as Allopurinol Tablets and Febuxostat Tablets should be taken under medical supervision.

Chronic Phase:

For patients in the chronic phase, maintaining a long-term low-purine diet is essential, coupled with pharmacological intervention. Commonly prescribed medications include Benzbromarone Tablets and Probenecid Tablets to enhance uric acid excretion, along with Febuxostat Tablets and Allopurinol Tablets to inhibit uric acid synthesis. It is recommended that gout patients promptly consult a rheumatologist for standardized treatment plans.

Lifestyle Tips for Gout Patients

In daily life, gout patients should prioritize keeping warm and avoiding exposure to cold, as this may exacerbate their symptoms. Regular follow-ups with healthcare professionals are crucial for effective disease management.