"How is surgery performed for hemorrhoids causing rectal bleeding?"

Surgical Treatments for Hemorrhoids

Surgical treatments for hemorrhoids encompass various methods, such as simple hemorrhoidectomy, procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH), external thrombosed hemorrhoid excision, and more. Patients should select the appropriate surgical approach based on their individual conditions and under the guidance of a physician.

1. Simple Hemorrhoidectomy

This procedure is suitable for internal hemorrhoids and mixed hemorrhoids above Grade II. It is primarily performed under anoscopy, involving the excision of prolapsed rectal mucosa.

2. Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids (PPH)

Also known as PPH surgery, it is one of the more commonly used surgical methods for hemorrhoids in clinical practice. This surgical approach can avoid complications such as pain, edema, and bleeding caused by traditional surgeries, with quicker postoperative recovery. However, some patients may experience anastomotic stenosis.

3. External Thrombosed Hemorrhoid Excision

Applicable to external thrombosed hemorrhoids, which occur below the dentate line of the anal canal due to the rupture of hemorrhoidal veins, forming subcutaneous hematomas or thrombi that lead to acute inflammatory reactions. Patients may experience severe pain accompanied by a significant sense of fullness. Sitz baths with potassium permanganate solution can be prescribed to alleviate symptoms. If conservative treatment is ineffective, surgery to strip and ligate the thrombus is required.

4. Other Surgical Procedures

Apart from the aforementioned common surgical methods, ligation therapy and infrared coagulation therapy are also used in treating hemorrhoids. Ligation therapy involves using a specialized balloon string to tie off hemorrhoidal tissue, causing ischemia, necrosis, and eventual shedding. Infrared coagulation therapy utilizes infrared radiation to irradiate the affected area, generating a thermal effect in local tissues to achieve therapeutic goals. For patients with milder conditions, medications can also be prescribed under medical guidance.

It is recommended that patients promptly seek medical attention and select the appropriate treatment method under the guidance of a physician.