What Are the Differences Between Uterine Fibroids and Uterine Polyps?

Uterine fibroids and polyps are relatively common gynecological diseases that pose significant health risks to women. Many women may have difficulty distinguishing between the two. In fact, they are two distinct diseases with significant differences and some similarities. Their locations of growth, causes, and treatment methods vary. Let's briefly explore the differences and similarities.

1. Different Locations of Growth: Uterine fibroids are tumors that occur within the uterine cavity, while uterine polyps are muscular tissue growths that develop on the cervical portion of the uterus. They are not tumors and differ significantly in their locations of growth.

2. Different Causes: The development of uterine fibroids is primarily attributed to long-term stimulation by estrogen in women. It is an estrogen-dependent tumor, and its growth accelerates with increased estrogen secretion. Conversely, a decrease in estrogen secretion can lead to the gradual atrophy of fibroids. Although the occurrence of uterine polyps is also related to estrogen levels in women, they do not atrophy due to decreased estrogen levels. Uterine polyps are muscular tissue growths. The occurrence of uterine fibroids is unrelated to mechanical irritation, while the development of uterine polyps is associated with cervicitis and may also be influenced by mechanical irritation.

3. Different Symptoms: Both uterine fibroids and polyps can cause increased vaginal discharge, menstrual bleeding, and prolonged menstrual cycles. However, uterine fibroids do not cause contact bleeding, while uterine polyps may result in contact bleeding during sexual activity. Uterine fibroids can cause abdominal and lumbar pain, while uterine polyps do not cause this symptom.

4. Different Treatment Measures: The primary treatment for uterine fibroids involves surgery and systemic medication, often necessitating surgical removal of the fibroids. In contrast, uterine polyps can be treated conservatively with curettage. The two diseases differ significantly in their treatment approaches.