"What Does the Initial Stage of Vitiligo Look Like?"

Vitiligo: An Overview

Vitiligo is a common acquired depigmentation disorder characterized by the appearance of white patches or white hair on the skin. Patients often exhibit no conscious symptoms, though some may experience mild itching. Here's a comprehensive breakdown:

1. Clinical Manifestations

Vitiligo commonly affects exposed areas such as the face and neck, as well as areas prone to friction like the back of the hands and ankles. It can also occur on the trunk and proximal parts of the limbs. Skin lesions present as milky white patches of varying sizes and shapes, with clear boundaries and smooth surfaces, typically devoid of scales or scabs. Due to damage to melanocytes, the local skin color fades, resulting in a loss of normal pigmentation in hairs at the affected sites.

2. Pathological Changes

In vitiligo patients, the function of epidermal melanocytes disappears, with a decrease or even loss of tyrosinase activity, impeding normal melanin synthesis. Additionally, under abnormal immune system conditions, autoantibody production may occur, further damaging melanocyte function and ultimately leading to the development of vitiligo.

3. Treatment Measures

For localized vitiligo, topical application of tacrolimus ointment as prescribed can help alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, oral prednisone tablets are administered to control inflammation, complemented by phototherapy to promote recovery. Furthermore, Compound Kaliziran Tincture can be applied to the affected area to inhibit T-lymphocyte activation and induce apoptosis, thereby assisting in improvement. It is recommended that patients with vitiligo promptly consult a physician for examination and receive targeted treatment based on their individual condition. Daily precautions include sun protection to avoid exacerbating the condition, and a balanced diet rich in Vitamin C and calcium to strengthen the immune system.