"How is Mid-to-Late Stage Esophageal Cancer Treated?"
Treatment Methods for Advanced Esophageal Cancer
The treatment options for advanced esophageal cancer primarily encompass surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. The specific approach adopted depends on the patient's physical condition and the severity of the disease. Here are the details:
1. Surgical Treatment
For patients with good physical conditions and no distant metastasis, surgical resection can be considered. Surgical methods include thoracotomy and laparoscopic surgery. However, there is a risk of recurrence after surgery, necessitating comprehensive treatment in conjunction with other modalities.
2. Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy involves the use of high-energy rays to destroy tumor cells. It is suitable for patients who cannot tolerate or are not suitable for surgery. Common radiotherapy techniques include three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy. However, radiotherapy may cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and skin redness.
3. Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves the use of anticancer drugs to kill cancer cells. It is applicable to esophageal cancer patients at all stages. Common chemotherapy regimens include paclitaxel injection and cisplatin injection. However, chemotherapy can damage normal tissues and has certain toxic and side effects, such as nausea, hair loss, and leukopenia.
4. Targeted Drug Therapy
Targeted drug therapy is a treatment approach targeting specific genetic mutations. It is suitable for patients with EGFR-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Common targeted drugs include gefitinib tablets and erlotinib tablets. However, targeted drug therapy may also cause adverse reactions, such as rash, diarrhea, and hypertension. It is recommended that patients choose the appropriate treatment method under the guidance of a physician, while maintaining a healthy diet and avoiding spicy and stimulating foods to prevent exacerbating discomfort.
If patients experience significant discomfort, they should seek medical attention promptly.
