What complications can traumatic intraorbital foreign bodies cause?

The complications of intraorbital foreign bodies are part of their clinical manifestations. Some are important diagnostic bases and clues for intraocular foreign body injuries, especially old foreign body injuries or foreign body injuries with atypical clinical manifestations, including ocular siderosis, ocular chalcosis, cataract, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, iridocyclitis, glaucoma, etc.

1. Ocular Siderosis: Iron foreign bodies dissolve and oxidize, forming insoluble ferritin with tissue proteins, which deposits in various tissues. The brown deposition is called ocular rust, including corneal stromal rust deposition, pupil dilation, lenticular brown deposition, cataract, vitreous opacity, etc. It also has a significant toxic effect on the retina, which can lead to vision loss.

2. Ocular Chalcosis: Containing 85% copper; the above-mentioned foreign bodies can cause acute aseptic suppurative inflammation. Chronic copper deposition in the ocular tissues can be caused by copper deposition in the eye. There is brown-yellow pigmentation in the posterior elastic layer of the cornea, green iris, sunflower-like opacity, brown-red vitreous opacity, and retinal blood vessels and macula.

3. Iridocyclitis: The cause of recurrent unilateral iridocyclitis or panuveitis is unknown. A detailed inquiry into the history of trauma and examination should be conducted to confirm or exclude the presence of intraocular foreign bodies.

4. Cataract: The cause of unilateral cataract is unknown. Attention should be paid to whether there are foreign bodies within the lens or foreign bodies passing through the lens.

5. Other Complications: Unexplained vitreous opacity accompanied by retina or vitreous membranes or cables, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, unilateral secondary retinal detachment, etc., should prompt attention to whether there are foreign bodies in the orbit.