What Should Be Checked During Early Pregnancy?

The early stage of pregnancy, also known as the first trimester, is a critical period that requires special attention and caution to avoid any significant impact on the fetus's development. To ensure the normal development of the fetus, a series of check-ups are necessary during the early pregnancy to assess the fetus's growth, the mother's physical condition, and other factors.

Therefore, it is important for pregnant women to understand what these early pregnancy check-ups involve. Do not underestimate their importance. The specific check-ups during the early pregnancy are as follows:

a. Vaginal Discharge Examination: This examination checks for the presence of trichomonas vaginalis and fungal infections in the vagina. If necessary, tests for chlamydia, mycoplasma, and gonorrhea may also be conducted. The presence of these microorganisms can cause ascending infections, affecting embryonic development and potentially leading to miscarriage.

b. Cervical Scraping: Due to the increased blood volume and rich blood supply during pregnancy, the timely treatment of cervical tumors can improve survival rates. This examination primarily aims to assess the morphology of cervical epithelial cells and rule out the occurrence of cervical cancer. Cervical scraping is a primary screening method, and further examination such as colposcopy or cervical biopsy may be required if any abnormalities are suspected.

c. Ultrasound Examination: Ultrasound is performed at 40 and 60 days after the last menstrual period to assess the implantation site of the embryo sac and the development of the embryonic bud.

d. Pelvic Examination: This examination primarily assesses the size of the uterus to ensure it corresponds to the gestational age and the normal development of the embryo. If there is a mismatch between the size of the uterus and the gestational age, further ultrasound examination may be necessary to rule out conditions such as uterine fibroids, abnormal uterine development, and abnormal embryonic development.

e. Speculum Examination: This examination assesses the vagina and cervix to rule out any abnormalities in the reproductive organs of the pregnant woman. It also observes the vaginal mucosa for signs of inflammation, the color and quantity of vaginal discharge, and the presence of any unpleasant odor. The cervix is examined for signs of erosion or the presence of cervical polyps, particularly in cases of bleeding during early pregnancy. This examination provides information on the cause of bleeding and guides treatment.

f. Other Examinations: Depending on the individual's medical history and condition, additional tests may be recommended. For example, if the pregnant woman has underlying conditions such as heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, or thyroid problems, consultation with a specialist may be necessary to assess the risks associated with continued pregnancy. If there have been recurrent spontaneous miscarriages, comprehensive testing for both partners is highly recommended during early pregnancy.

a. Avoid Alcohol and Smoking: Both alcohol and smoking can have negative impacts on fetal development. Smoking can cause oxygen deprivation to the fetus, while excessive alcohol consumption can severely affect the developing fetus.

b. Avoid Medication: Many medications can have serious harmful effects on the fetus. It is recommended to avoid all medications during pregnancy, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, unless prescribed by a doctor who has confirmed their safety.

c. Prevent Viral Infections: Certain viruses, such as measles and influenza, can cause fetal malformations. It is important to avoid exposure to these viruses by avoiding crowded and unsanitary places.

d. Prevent Toxoplasmosis: Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite found in the feces of cats and dogs and raw meat, can pose a serious threat to the fetus. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid contact with cats and dogs and to wash hands thoroughly after handling raw meat.

e. Maintain a Warm and Loving Family Atmosphere: The caring and attentive support of the husband is crucial for the health and well-being of both the mother and the fetus.