Why Does Long-Term Fever Lead to Anemia?

Long-term Fever and Anemia: Lack of Strong Correlation

Long-term fever generally does not lead to anemia, as there is no significant correlation between the two conditions. Long-term fever may stem from various underlying conditions such as infections, tuberculosis, or malignant tumors. It is recommended to promptly seek medical attention at specialized hospitals to determine the specific cause.

1. Infections: Inflammation caused by various pathogens, including influenza and common colds (viral infections) or pneumonia (bacterial infections), can result in long-term fever. Inflammatory mediators may stimulate the bone marrow hematopoietic system, leading to a decrease in red blood cell production and, consequently, anemia. However, infections caused by influenza viruses typically do not induce anemia.

2. Tuberculosis: A chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis is characterized by persistent low-grade fever accompanied by symptoms of tuberculosis poisoning, such as fatigue, night sweats, and weight loss. As a chronic consumptive disease, tuberculosis can lead to nutritional deficiencies and, consequently, long-term fever.

3. Malignant Tumors: In their early stages, malignant tumors may manifest as long-term fever, often accompanied by symptoms like weight loss, local masses, and fatigue. As tumors progress to advanced stages, abnormal proliferation of tumor cells can severely impair red blood cell production, leading to anemia. While long-term fever itself can cause damage to the body and predispose to various complications, it typically does not directly cause anemia.

4. Other Causes: Endocrine disorders and blood diseases, among others, can also cause long-term fever. For instance, hyperthyroidism, characterized by excessive thyroid hormone secretion and heightened metabolism, can lead to long-term fever along with symptoms like exophthalmos, weight loss, and irritability. Blood diseases, on the other hand, can disrupt the blood system, causing anemia and possibly accompanied by skin and mucous membrane bleeding and fatigue.

For long-term fever, it is advisable to consult a specialized hospital to determine the underlying cause. Treatment should be tailored to the specific cause, whether it be infections, tumors, or other conditions. Additionally, maintaining a nutritious diet rich in protein and iron, and ensuring adequate rest, are essential.