"What is Mumps and How Do I Deal with It?"

Mumps: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention

Mumps is a disease characterized by inflammation of the parotid glands. The onset of mumps can be attributed to various factors such as drug side effects, blockage of the parotid ducts, autoimmune disorders, bacterial infections, and viral infections. It is crucial to seek medical attention promptly, and patients should follow the doctor's instructions for targeted medication therapy. Here are the specifics:

1. Drug Side Effects

Certain medications, particularly antipsychotics, can reduce saliva production, leading to dry mouth and potentially facilitating parotid gland infection, thus triggering mumps. It is recommended to alleviate symptoms with ibuprofen or acetaminophen as prescribed by a healthcare professional.

2. Parotid Duct Blockage

This condition arises primarily from the blockage of the main parotid duct and its branches, which can subsequently cause bacterial infections. Treatment may involve antibiotics such as amoxicillin or cefaclor, administered as directed by a doctor.

3. Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune conditions like Sjögren's syndrome and Mikulicz's disease can cause chronic autoimmune mumps. Prescribed medications like prednisone or methotrexate can help manage these cases.

4. Bacterial Infections

Bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus, can lead to mumps. These bacteria can spread through respiratory routes or direct contact with infected saliva. Treatment options may include amoxicillin clavulanate or ceftriaxone, as prescribed.

5. Viral Infections

Epidemic mumps is a contagious disease caused by the mumps virus, known for its high infectivity and ease of transmission. The virus spreads primarily through respiratory droplets and direct contact with infected saliva. Recommended antiviral treatments include ribavirin or oseltamivir, administered under medical supervision.

In daily life, it is advisable to maintain a light and healthy diet rich in easily digestible foods like rice porridge, yam porridge, and soft noodles. Avoid consuming overly hard foods to prevent exacerbating discomfort in the parotid region. Furthermore, maintaining oral hygiene by rinsing the mouth after meals can help prevent secondary infections.