Surgery is a very common form of treatment. For instance, tumors may require surgical treatment, as well as medical aesthetics and plastic surgery. Surgical instruments are numerous and diverse, including various surgical knives, scissors, hemostatic forceps, and tweezers of various kinds. Given the extensive range of surgical medical instruments, let's briefly explore some of the main surgical instruments.

Surgical Instruments

1. Surgical knives consist of blades and handles, which are temporarily assembled for use. Blades vary in shape (round, pointed, curved), size, and length, chosen based on surgical needs and personal preferences. Surgical knives are used to incision various tissues during operations, and there are several techniques for holding them:

• The bow method is used for making longer incisions.
• The finger pressure method is suitable for larger incisions and areas that require more force.
• The reverse lifting method is used to avoid damaging deeper tissues, such as during the incision of small abscesses or tracheotomies.

2. Scissors are categorized as straight or curved, with further distinctions in length, pointed tips, and rounded tips.

• Tissue scissors, often curved, are available in pointed and rounded tip varieties and are used for dissection and cutting tissues. When holding curved scissors, the curve should face inward.
• Suture scissors are typically blunt and straight, used to cut sutures after tying knots. The length of the cut should be appropriate, with generally 1-2mm for silk sutures, 3-4mm for gut sutures, and 1cm for skin sutures. Longer suture ends are preferred for deep or thick sutures or important vascular ligations, while shorter ends are suitable for superficial or fine sutures.

3. Tweezers are classified into anatomical tweezers and tissue tweezers, with each type having long and short varieties.

• Anatomical tweezers (without teeth) are used to clamp blood vessels, nerves, and anatomical tissues. Shorter tweezers are suitable for clamping superficial structures, while longer ones are used for clamping deeper structures such as organs or vascular and neural tissues.
• Tissue tweezers (with teeth) are used to clamp skin and tissues for dissection.

4. Vascular clamps are categorized as straight or curved, with both long and short varieties.

• Straight vascular clamps are used to control bleeding in superficial tissues and assist in needle removal.
• Curved vascular clamps are used to control bleeding from deep vessels or intra-abdominal vessels.
• Mosquito clamps are fine and delicate vascular clamps, available in both straight and curved varieties.
• Tissue clamps are used to clamp general tissues, tumor capsules, and mesenteric tissues.
• Intestinal clamps are used to clamp intestines.

These are just a few examples of the vast array of surgical instruments available for various surgical procedures. Each instrument serves a specific purpose and is essential for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of surgical operations.