"Why Do People with Leukemia Develop Bruises?"

Causes of Bruising in Leukemia Patients

The appearance of bruises in leukemia patients may stem from various factors such as abnormal coagulation, thrombocytopenia, and damage to the vascular wall. It is recommended that patients seek medical attention promptly to diagnose the underlying cause and receive targeted treatment. Here are the possible reasons:

1. Abnormal Coagulation Function

In leukemia, the hematopoietic stem cells are suppressed, leading to a disturbance in the synthesis of coagulation factors. This results in abnormal coagulation function, preventing blood from clotting normally and consequently causing bruises.

2. Thrombocytopenia

Leukemia patients experience a significant proliferation of white blood cells, which inhibits normal bone marrow hematopoiesis. Consequently, the platelet count in peripheral blood significantly decreases, leading to bleeding symptoms such as petechiae, ecchymoses, and bruises on the skin and mucous membranes.

3. Vascular Wall Damage

The presence of a high number of white blood cells and immature red blood cells in leukemia patients can invade normal bone marrow tissue and vascular endothelial cells, damaging the integrity of the vascular wall. This can lead to blood vessel rupture and bleeding, manifesting as bruises.

4. Other Causes

Prolonged use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications by leukemia patients may also lead to abnormal coagulation function and subsequently cause bruising. In managing bruises associated with leukemia, it is crucial to rest adequately and avoid strenuous activities. Additionally, maintaining a diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables and avoiding spicy or oily foods is recommended.