What Are the Three Main Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive Organs?
Female genital malignancies are diseases with the potential to spread. Malignant tumors can only be suppressed through chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and cannot be completely cured. Therefore, women who develop three major genital malignancies should promptly cooperate with treatment, as earlier treatment often leads to better outcomes. The three most common malignancies affecting women are cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer, all of which can affect female physiological functions.
Cervical cancer is one of the three major malignancies of the female reproductive tract. It not only ranks first among cancers of the female reproductive organs, but is also the most common malignancy among women. However, there are significant regional differences in its incidence rates. The main symptoms include vaginal bleeding, increased vaginal discharge (white or bloody, thin and watery or rice-water-like, with a foul odor).
Endometrial cancer refers to a group of epithelial malignancies originating in the endometrium. It is one of the three most common malignancies of the female reproductive tract. The main symptoms of endometrial cancer patients include vaginal bleeding, primarily postmenopausal bleeding, which is usually not excessive. In women who are not postmenopausal, it may manifest as increased menstrual flow, prolonged menstrual cycles, or menstrual irregularities. Vaginal discharge is often bloody or serous, and may have a foul odor if infected. Lower abdominal pain may occur if the cancer involves the cervical canal, causing uterine abscess, abdominal distension, and cramping pain. In late stages, infiltration of surrounding tissues or compression of nerves may cause lower abdominal and lumbar pain. In the late stages, symptoms such as anemia, emaciation, and cachexia may appear.
Ovarian malignancy, also known as ovarian cancer, is one of the three most common malignancies of the female reproductive organs. The main symptoms of ovarian cancer patients include pain, which may be caused by changes within the tumor such as hemorrhage, necrosis, and rapid growth, resulting in persistent dull pain with local tenderness upon examination. Menstrual irregularities may occur, with some patients experiencing light vaginal bleeding after menopause. Emaciation is common in the later stages, accompanied by progressive weight loss, abdominal distension, pain, and discomfort. Early symptoms may include mild lower abdominal and lumbar discomfort or a sense of fullness and heaviness, which are often overlooked. When the tumor enlarges significantly, accompanied by ascites or metastasis, abdominal distension and pain become more pronounced, prompting patients to seek medical attention. Abdominal masses may sometimes be palpated by patients themselves before other symptoms appear. Other symptoms may include a series of pelvic and abdominal compression symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, and lower extremity edema in cases of large tumors or extensive ascites. When the tumor metastasizes, symptoms of distant organ metastases may also occur.
